在數位轉型與高齡化並行的當代社會，人工智慧（Artificial Intelligence, AI）正深刻影響教育與終身學習的發展。本文探討AI於終身學習中的潛能與挑戰，並結合技術決定論、自我導向學習理論與人機協作觀點，分析其在推動學習個別化、職能再培訓與跨世代需求回應上的作用。本文指出AI雖能提升教育普及性與決策效能，但亦帶來倫理風險與數位落差等挑戰。透過國際比較與臺灣在地案例分析，例如教育部推動的「社區大學與樂齡學習AI化」、新北市的「學習地圖AI助手」與臺南市的「行動學習計畫」，展現了AI導入教育治理的多元路徑。AI在終身學習中的角色不僅是技術工具，更是重構學習生態的重要力量。未來應兼顧技術創新與社會責任，建構公平、包容與協作的智慧學習機制，以實現全民終身學習的目標。

In contemporary societies characterized by concurrent digital transformation and population aging, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is profoundly reshaping the development of education and lifelong learning. This study examines the potential and challenges of AI in lifelong learning, drawing on perspectives from technological determinism, self-directed learning theory, and human–AI collaboration. It analyzes how AI contributes to personalized learning, workforce reskilling, and the accommodation of cross-generational learning needs. The findings indicate that while AI enhances educational accessibility and policy decision-making, it also introduces ethical risks and exacerbates digital divides. Through international comparisons and localized case studies in Taiwan, for instance, the Ministry of Education’s “AI-Enabled Community and Senior Learning” initiative, New Taipei City’s “Learning Map AI Assistant,” and Tainan City’s “Mobile Learning Project” demonstrate diverse pathways of integrating AI into educational governance. Overall, AI in lifelong learning should not be regarded merely as a technological tool but as a transformative force in reconstructing the learning ecosystem. Moving forward, it is imperative to balance technological innovation with social responsibility and to establish an equitable, inclusive, and collaborative intelligent learning infrastructure that advances the goal of lifelong learning for all.