香港與臺灣初級中等教育歷史教科書的政治意識型態比較

A Comparative Study of Political Ideologies in Hong Kong and Taiwan: An Analysis of Junior High School History Textbooks

香港與臺灣雖有相似的歷史背景，但因政治發展不同，港臺歷史教科書呈現出截然不同的政治意識型態。本研究以質性內容分析法，從政治信念、政治團體、政治人物與國家施政四個向度比較港臺歷史教科書。結果顯示，香港教科書延續大中華史觀，強調中國認同與愛國主義，淡化香港主體性；臺灣教科書則逐步弱化中國意識，凸顯臺灣認同，雖對中國共產黨與中華人民共和國有較多負面描述，但政治人物描寫已趨中性。四個面向彼此連動，體現港臺歷史觀與政治立場的差異，並且牽動著兩者對政治團體、政治人物、國家施政的書寫。

Although Hong Kong and Taiwan share similar historical backgrounds, their distinct political developments have led to significantly different presentations of political ideologies in their history textbooks. This study adopts a qualitative content analysis approach to compare history textbooks from Hong Kong and Taiwan across four dimensions: political beliefs, political groups, political figures, and national governance. The results indicate that Hong Kong textbooks continue to reflect a Greater China historical perspective, emphasizing Chinese identity and patriotism while downplaying Hong Kong’s subjectivity. In contrast, Taiwanese textbooks have gradually weakened the emphasis on Chinese identity and highlighted a distinct Taiwanese identity. While the textbooks are often critical of the Chinese Communist Party and the People’s Republic of China, their portrayals of political figures of Taiwanese textbooks have become more neutral. The four dimensions are interrelated, reflecting differences in historical perspectives and political positions between Hong Kong and Taiwan, which in turn influence how political groups, political figures, and national governance are represented in textbooks.