她們如何領導：女校長對學校組織文化與性別平等影響初探

How Do They Lead? A Preliminary Exploration of Female Principals’ Influence on School Organizational Culture and Gender Equity

目前中小學女校長所占比例仍遠低於其在整體教師的性別比例，不過長期來看，擔任校務領導職的女性比例仍逐年緩慢提升。本文對近五年主題包括優良女性校長的博碩士論文之質性訪談資料進行初探，探討女校長是否影響傳統以男性校長文化為主的組織及文化、是否會更關心性別平等改善女性的集體弱勢處境，並以此對女性領導理論進行反思與討論。研究發現，女校長逐漸影響或改變傳統的組織及文化，也看到基於女性經驗的同理，開啟對性別平等的關懷與合作協力對抗性別刻板印象和性別職業隔離，發展出姐妹情誼的共同前進力量。但亦應注意將女性領導與關懷和母職連結，容易流入本質論化的困境，強化性別刻板印象、性別職業隔離和性別分工。

The proportion of female principals in primary and secondary schools remains significantly lower than that of female teachers. However, in the long term, the percentage of women in school leadership positions has shown a slow but steady increase. This study presents a preliminary exploration based on qualitative interview data drawn from master’s and doctoral theses over the past five years that focus on outstanding female principals. It investigates whether female principals influence school organizations and cultures traditionally dominated by male leadership norms, and whether they show greater concern for promoting gender equity and improving the structurally disadvantaged status of women. The study further reflects on and discusses feminist leadership theories in this context. Findings reveal that female principals are gradually influencing and transforming traditional organizational cultures. Empathy rooted in women’s experiences has fostered concern for gender equity and promoted collaborative efforts to challenge gender stereotypes and occupational segregation, cultivating a sense of sisterhood and “power with”. Nevertheless, the tendency to associate women’s leadership with caring and maternal roles may have the risk of essentializing women’s leadership and inadvertently reinforcing gender stereotypes, occupational gender segregation, and gender division of labor.