由精準數據解析羽毛球頂尖男子單打比賽在COVID-19後疫情時間及技術結構變化

Analyzing Post-COVID-19 Temporal and Technical Structure Changes in Elite Men's Singles Badminton Matches with Precise Data

目的：本研究透過精準數據分析，探討在COVID-19疫情前後，世界頂尖男子羽毛球單打選手技術及時間特性的改變，分析比賽時間結構，如比賽總時長、擊球總時、休息時間、鷹眼挑戰花費時間和探討擊球時間和休息時間之間的相關性，提供教練和選手了解最新頂尖選手比賽節奏或戰術，據此資料擬定相對應的訓練和比賽策略。方法：總計分析10場比賽，共777來回(分)，其中包括2020年東京奧運會，及2022年和2023年世界羽毛球錦標賽的官方影片。為了確保分析的客觀性與專業性，邀請兩位世界排名前50名羽毛球專家 (分析相關係數高達 .970) 來進行技術變項的分析紀錄，並將紀錄資料使用皮爾森相關係數進行相關性檢定。結果：研究結果顯示時間結構和技術結構特性在疫情後出現了顯著差異。在時間結構上，每回合擊球時間在超過15秒的情況下，逐年約增加了10%，鷹眼挑戰平均時間為51.71秒，此外，本研究也發現頂尖選手在比賽密度平均每分亦有顯著相關，其平均比例為1:2.14。在技術結構上，疫情前使用最多技術拍數從網前球技巧轉成在疫情後為挑球技巧，其中挑球、網前球和高遠球等技術拍數和時間都較疫情前明顯增加，結論：總比賽時間和休息時間之間雖沒有顯著差異，在疫情後世界菁英頂尖男子單打羽毛球比賽中的網前球、挑球、高遠球有顯著增加，挑球使用頻率多於網前球，而平抽球使用頻率多於殺球。擊球時間明顯增加。在疫情後羽毛球頂尖男子單打比賽的技術特徵和競賽時間結構有重大改變，建議教練和選手應配合技戰術的改變而重新審視在技巧及體能訓練的擬定策略。

 

Purpose: This study aims to explore the changes in technical and temporal characteristics of the elite men’s badminton singles players pre- and post-COVID-19 to provide coaches and players with in-sights into the rhythm of elite players’ matches. To achieve this, we conduct comprehensive analyses on the total match time, total rally duration, rest time, Hawkeye challenge time, and the correlation between rally duration and rest time. Method: Ten matches, 777 points were comprehensively ana-lyzed, incorporating official footage from the quarterfinals of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics as well as the 2022 and 2023 Badminton World Championships. To uphold the analysis’s objectivity and rigor, two experts, each with prior rankings within the top 50 of the Badminton World Federation, were invited to observe and document the matches. Subsequently, the recorded data underwent Pearson correlation coefficient analysis to assess interrelationships, revealing a coefficient as high as .970. Results: This study revealeds several differences in technical and temporal characteristics between pre- and post-pandemic era. Firstly, the most frequently used technique shifteds from net shots to lobs. Moreover, net shots, lifts, and clears wereare adopted more frequently after the pandemic. Furthermore, the number of shots per rally lasting over 15 seconds increased by approximately 10% annually, and the average Hawkeye challenge time iwas 51.71 ± 10.50 seconds. Lastly, this work revealeds a significant correlation between rally duration and rest time among elite players, with an average ratio of 1:2.14. Conclusion: Based on our research findings, it is apparent that after the pandemic, there has been a notable rise in net shots, lifts, and clears during world-class men’s singles badminton matches. The frequency of lift usage has surpassedes that of drop shots, and flat clears are more frequently employed than smashes. More-over, hitting time has had a remarkable increase, while there was exists no significant disparity between total match duration and rest intervals. In summary, we revealed several changes in technical and temporal characteristics of the elite men’s singles competitions between pre- and post-pandemic era. Therefore, it is recommended that coaches and athletes should re-examine the structure of skill and fitness train-ing with the insights provided by this study.