武術項目運動員在進行跳躍落地動作錯誤評分系統時落地技巧之下肢二維關節角度及分數差異

Differences in the Two-Dimensional Joint Angles and Scores of the Lower Limbs in the Landing Error Scoring System among Martial Arts Athletes during Jump-Landing Techniques

目的 : 武術運動常有跳躍落地動作，因此容易造成下肢傷害風險。跳躍落地動作錯誤評分系統 (Landing Error Scoring System, LESS) 是一種檢測下肢在非接觸性運動下肢傷害風險程度的測量工具。本研究目的是使用LESS針對武術運動員進行評估，來比較兩種項目武術運動員 (龍獅及拳術項目) 在LESS動作之下肢角度及評分上之差異。方法 : 12位男性武術運動員參與（龍獅6位，拳術6位）。標準的LESS十七項評分方式進行三次跳躍落地動作，於受試者冠狀面及矢狀面設置2台家用攝影機進行同步拍攝及錄影，再以KINOVEA軟體進行測量角度分析及評分。統計分析以獨立樣本 t 檢定分析兩組間的差異。結果 : 結果顯示在矢狀面觀察到從觸地瞬間到下蹲最低時，膝關節位移的部份 (龍獅組：88.33 ± 6.38 度，拳術組：67.67 ± 12.14度) 位移角度有顯著差異 (p = .009)。而在LESS 平均分數上並無顯著差異 (p = .065)。LESS 分數等級，龍獅組 4.17 分，屬於好的等別，而拳術組獲得 2.33 分，屬優秀的等級。結論 : 兩組分數均低於 LESS 的切點分數 (cut-off point；LESS<5分)，但龍獅組LESS分數達4.17分臨近切點分數，應注意運動員的下肢傷害風險。

 

Purpose: Martial arts often have jJumping and landing movements are commonly seen in martial arts, which relatively increases so lower limb injury risk is relatively high. The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) is a measurement tool to detect the injury risk of the lower limbs in non-contact sports. The aim of this study is to useUsing LESS to evaluate martial arts athletes andto compare the differences in the angles and scores of upper and lower limbs duringof LESS movements of for martial arts athletes of from two sports categories (dragon and lion dance and boxing events boxing events). Methods: 12 male martial arts athletes were recruited in this study (Dragon and Lion Dance: N＝6; BoxingBoxing: N＝6). The standard LESS test was carried out in this study. Two webcams were set up in the subjects’ frontal and sagittal planes to record the LESS test process. The KINOVEA software was used to calculate and measure the movement angles and consequently perform scoring of test scores laterresults. The SPSS 20.0 was used to analyze the differences in movement angles and test scores between two groups with the Independent t-test. Results: The results of this study show that there ispresented a significant difference in the displacement angle of the knee joint displacement (Dragon and Lion Dance group: 88.33±6.38 degrees, Boxing group: 67.67±12.14 degrees) from landing on the ground to the lowest point of squatting observed on the sagittal plane (p = .009). There iwas no significant difference in the LESS average score (p = .065). The results showed that in the LESS score classification of dragon and lion dance and boxing athletes, the dragon and lion dance group scored 4.17 points, which belongeds to the good level, while the boxing group scored 2.33 points, which belongeds to the excellent level. Conclusion: Although the scores of both groups were lower than the cut-off point of LESS (cut-off point; LESS<5 points), the LESS score of the dragon and lion dance group reached 4.17 points and was close to the cut-off point. Attention should be paid to the risk of lower limb injury in athletes.