下肢關節活動度與動態平衡之相關性

The relationship between lower extremity range of motion and dynamic balance

目的：本研究欲探討，青少年運動員下肢關節活動度與動態平衡表現的相關性，以及兩者在測量表現上的差異。方法：招募 20 名國高中男性運動員，測量下肢髖關節及踝關節活動度、改良版星狀偏移平衡測試 (modified star excursion balance test, mSEBT) 和 Y 字平衡測試 (Y balance test, YBT)。以皮爾森積差相關係數，比較慣用腳 mSEBT、YBT 與下肢關節活動度之相關性。透過多元迴歸分析，分析下肢關節活動度對 mSEBT 和 YBT 的預測性，以成對樣本 t 檢定比較 mSEBT 和 YBT 之差異。結果：mSEBT 與踝背屈、髖外展和髖外轉活動度呈顯著正相關，前側以踝背屈活動度解釋力最大 (R2 ＝ .506)，後內側 (R2 ＝ .544) 和後外側 (R2 ＝ .399) 以髖外轉活動度解釋力最大。YBT 前側與踝背屈活動度 (r ＝ .519，p < .05)；YBT後外側與髖外轉活動度 (r ＝ .561，p < .05)；YBT後內側與髖外展活動度 (r ＝ .558，p < .05) 呈顯著正相關。mSEBT 和 YBT 在 3 個方向上皆有中至高度相關 (r = .473 - .736，p < .05)，測量距離在前側、後外側和總分達顯著差異。結論：mSEBT 受多關節活動度影響，而 YBT 僅和單一關節活動度有關。mSEBT 和 YBT 雖有中至高度相關，但測量距離表現上並不相同。日後實驗設計及臨床應用上，應考量測試之差異，針對受試者的動態平衡能力，選擇適合的評估方法。

 

Purpose: To examine the relationships of lower extremity range of motion (ROM), modified star excursion balance test (mSEBT) and Y balance test (YBT) and to compare the differences between mSEBT and YBT. Methods: Twenty adolescent high school male athletes were recruited to measure hip ROM, ankle ROM, mSEBT, and YBT. Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient were used to analyze the relationship between lower extremity ROM and dynamic balance. Multiple regression analysis were used to determine the predictors in explaining the variance to dynamic balance outcomes. Paired t test was used to compare the differences between mSEBT and YBT. Results: mSEBT was significantly correlated with ankle dorsiflexion, hip abduction and hip external rotation ROM. Ankle dorsiflexion ROM was the strongest predictor for anterior direction (R2 ＝ .506). Hip external rotation ROM was the strongest predictor for posteromedial direction (R2 ＝ .544) and posterolateral direction (R2 ＝ .399). Anterior YBT was correlated with ankle dorsiflexion ROM (r ＝ .519, p < .05). Posterolateral YBT was correlated with hip external rotation ROM (r ＝ .561, p < .05), and posteromedial YBT was correlated with hip abduction ROM (r ＝ .558, p < .05). There were significant correlations in all three directions between mSEBT and YBT (r = .473 - .736, p < .05). Conclusion: There were significant differences in anterior, posterolateral and composite performance between YBT and mSEBT. mSEBT performance was affected by multi-joint ROM and YBT performance was affected by single-joint ROM. Even though mSEBT and YBT were highly correlated, the absolutely reach distances are different. Future works should consider the differences between two dynamic balance measures and select the proper tool while examining dynamic balance in different sports.