[市长控制]：美国城市公立学校治理新模式--以纽约市为例

[Mayor Control]: Governance Model of American Urban Public Schools─The New York Case

本文首先分析了[市长控制]--美国城市公立学校治理新模式产生的背景；随后，以纽约市为例，介绍了美国[市长控制]治理城市公立学校的主要内容：重组学校管理体制；创办特许学校；关闭薄弱学校；拆分大型学校；统一全市教材；推行基于考试分数的问责制，对学校实施评级，对教师进行绩效考核；加强家长对学校教育的参与等。最后，分析了[市长控制]对美国公立学校制度的影响和所引起的争议。

The article begins with the analysis of the background of the [Mayor Control]─governance model of American urban public schools. Then taking New York as an example， it introduces the major contents of this model， including reorganizing school management system， establishing charter school， closing down weak schools， dividing big scale school， unifying textbooks of the whole city， carrying out the accountability system based on examination results， grading schools， assessing teachers performance and strengthening parents participation in school education. It concludes with the analysis of the impact and debate caused by this model.