美国学前一年教育的政策与实践

Policy and Practice of One-Year Pre-school Education in U.S.A

本文分析了美国学前1年教育的办学形式、经费支持、课程与师资等方面的政策与实践的现状，探讨了美国学前1年教育的发展趋势及其面临的困难与挑战。文章结合我国国情提出，将学前1年教育纳入小学管理，普及学前1年教育；提升教育经费投入主体，细化教育经费预算，保障学前1年教育的财政投入；加强课程与教师培养的一致性，多维度推进幼小衔接的建议。

In order to ensure children， especially the social disadvantaged children the equal right to early childhood education， many countries and regions in the World implement the free early childhood education policies. By analyzing these policies， the authors point out that there are five main features as follows: taking government-dominant strategy and formulating policies and system; building up the financial guaranteeing mechanism; implementing free policies by stages; taking the social disadvantaged children as the key subsidizing groups; implementing free education in various forms and ways. Those experiences provide important inspirations for us to formulate and implement the free early childhood education policies.