藏-汉-英双语者字词识别中的语码切换及其代价

Language Switching and Switching Cost in Tibetan-Mandarin-English ’ Visual Word Recognition

以母语为藏语、汉语熟练、英语不熟练的藏-汉-英双语者为被试，采用词汇判断的研究范式，在无切换、预期切换和无预期切换三种条件下，考察了藏-汉-英三种语言之间的语码切换及其代价。结果表明：⑴在三种条件下，被试对汉语词和藏语词的反应时和错误率的差异不显著，藏语词和汉语词的切换代价差异不显著。⑵在无切换条件下，对藏语词和英语词的反应时和错误率的差异不显著；在切换条件下，对英语词反应时长，错误率也高；英语词的切换代价显著大于藏语词的切换代价。⑶在无切换条件下，对汉语词和英语词的反应时和错误率的差异不显著；在切换条件下，对英语词反应时长，错误率也高；英语词的切换代价显著大于藏语词的切换代价。整个研究表明，藏-汉-英双语者在字词识别中的语码切换代价主要受语言的熟练程度影响。

Many studies have found language switching and switching costs in lexical decision tasks when bilingual participants switched languages for the recognition words. There were two main reasons for this， and the crux of the two reasons lay in whether the task-irrelevant language was deactivated when bilinguals were performing in only one of their languages. Until now， many studies have been conducted on the switching of languages in the case of alphabetic characters; however， few studies have been