自我管理研究回顾与展望

A Review of Study on Self─management

自我管理是个体主动应用认知及行为策略对自身的思维、情绪、行动以及所处环境等进行目标管理的过程。自我管理对于人们的学习、生活、华生发展等有着非常重要的意义。该文通过对自我管理的概念、理论基础、评估方法及已有的测量工具等内容的系统回顾、总结了自我管理强调个体的主动性、目标导向性以及行为和认知策略的运用等特点，在对已有研究存在的主要不足进行分析的基础上，指出自我管理研究将更加关注普通正常个体的整体自我管理水平的测量和培训。

Self─management is a goal─management process during which individual proactively applies cognitive and behavioral strategies to his╱her thinking， mood， behavior and the environment. It is vital for individual’s study， living， and life─long development. Based on systematic review of self─management’s concept， theoretical basis， evaluating methods and measurement tools， the study concluded the core characteristics of self─management：emphasis on initiative， goal─oriented， and employment of behavioral and cognitive strategies. Based on the analysis of the shortcomings of existed studies， the author pointed out that the training and evaluation of average people’s self─management ability would be the focus of future research.