以OVER为例谈学习词典中的隐喻表征

隐喻是人类普遍存在的一种思维方式，更是词义流变产生的一个重要因素；词义的演变过程本质上就是人类认知的一个隐喻化过程。本文通过回顾over在传统词典中义项排列上存在的缺陷，指出现代学习型词典应该树立隐喻机制下的多义词义项排列理念，以揭示多义词义项之间的联系；并试图在词典中对隐喻信息进行表征，以便学习者从整体上更好地把握和使用多义词。

Metaphor， which is a universal thinking mode for human being， has long functioned as an important factor of lexical meaning change， which is by nature a metaphorized process based on cognition. This paper， starts with reviewing OVER in traditional dictionaries， finds that there exist many deficiencies in terms of item arrangement within an entry. Accordingly， modern dictionaries for learners should develop new ideas of item arrangement and definition for polysemous words under the metaphorical mechanism， revealing inter-linkages of polysemy; moreover， we try to present metaphorical information in dictionary to facilitate learners to grasp a better understanding and use of polysemy.