基于非正式学习的科学教育网站设计框架研究

An Informal Learning Pedagogical Framework for the Design of the Science Website

互联网络是科学教育与传播、提高公民科学素质的重要平台之一，但是目前科学教育网站却缺乏教学设计。本文以科学教育的基本目标以及非正式学习的特点为基础，提出了基于非正式学习的科学教育网站的设计框架。该框架以培养公民具有处理实际问题、参与公共事务能力为总目标，以了解科学知识、掌握科学方法、树立科学思想和精神为子目标，提出了针对不同目标的网站设计原则，包括趣味性、个性化、自组织、交流性、情境性、参与性、反思性原则，并根据各个原则阐述了网站的相关特性设计。

Internet is an important platform for improving the scientific literacy of the public. However， the design of most websites of science education lacks pedagogical consideration. Based on the goal of the science education and the pedagogical characteristics of the informal education， this article proposes a pedagogical framework for the informal learning of science through websites. The goal and sub-goals of the science education are outlined， and a set of design principles are proposed， including attraction， individualization， self-organization， communication， situated learning， participation， and reflection. The feature design of the websites is then discussed in detail.