教育政策文本分析及其应用

Education Policy Text Analysis and Its Application

本文通过分析社会科学研究中相互关联的文本分析、内容分析和话语分析的异同，对政策文本分析的概念进行了界定。指出教育政策文本分析的深层内涵在于：对政策文本的分析，最终要走出文本，走出文本的过程也就是对文本的微观分析与文本所处的宏观历史脉胳相结合的过程，是研究者运用多种”解读”文本的舫法和视角发掘文本”深层结构”和文本演变的内在逻辑的过程，是透过文本话语揭示政策过程中的价值分配和斗争的过程，是文本理论化的过程。作为一种”黑箱技术”，政策文本分析需要研究者将文本与其所处的历史、制度和政策实践进行有效的”对话”。政策文本分析是理解教育政策的基本手段，也是促进我国教育政策研究发展的重要途径。

This paper defines the policy text analysis by analyzing the differences among text analysis， content analysis and discourse analysis. The deep meaning of education policy text analysis is to “walk” out of text. This is a process of combining micro text with macro history contexts， of discovering text’s “deep structure” and their inner evolution logic through several methods， of unearthing value allocation and struggle in the policy process， and of text theorization. As a “black box technique”， policy text analysis requires researchers to develop a “dialogue” among text and related history， institutions and policy practices. It is a basic means of understanding education policy and a critical way to enhance education policy research in China.