扩招后我国研究生入学选择的实证研究

An Empirical Study on Graduate School Choice in China since the Enrollment Expansion

本文采用2008年《高校本专科生学业发展状况调查》和《研究生学业发展状况调查》的数据，对扩招后我国高校研究生入学选择及其入学动机展开了分析。分析集中在以下三个方面：本专科毕业后表示读研意愿的学生群体的特性、研究生入学意愿的影响机制、研究生群体入学动机及其结构性特征。研究结果显示：（1）读研已成为扩招后我国高校学生毕业后的主要发展路径之一；（2）毕业后选择升学和选择就业的两大学生群体，其家庭社会经济背景和学业能力存在着显著的差异；（3）学生的个体特征、家庭背景、高校教学环境、学生学业参与、学业成绩和经济因素对学生选择升学都具有显著影响；（4）研究生入学动机呈现化趋势。在保持学术研究兴趣的同时，强化就业竞争力、拓展社会资本以及获取户籍等非学术型升学导向日趋明显。

Based on a regional survey conducted in 2008， this paper presents an empirical analysis of the choice and motives of graduate school study after the college enrollment expansion. The analysis deals with three issues：the characteristics of undergraduates who wish to enter graduate schools， how their aspiration fro graduate study is determined， and motives of graduates. Empirical analysis shows that graduate study has become the principal choice of college students upon graduation. Those who have the aspiration for graduate study and those who intend to directly enter labor market exhibit notable differences in terms of personal characteristics， social economic status， learning capacity， etc. It is also indicated that motives for graduate study are diverse. Besides academic interests various non─academic goals， such as more job opportunities and social network expansion are pursued.