波兰尼的个人知识理论与教育思想探析

Inquiry about Polanyi’s personal knowledge theory and his ideas on education

在波兰尼看来，所有知识都是个人的，都是默会的。波兰尼的知识理论虽然具有革命意义，但其教育观念却比我们想象得更为传统。他推崇文化权威，尊重教师权威，主张言传身授。反观当今教育领域的[个人知识]和[默会知识]，其内涵已与波兰尼个人知识理论迥异。由此而阐发的一些教育主张与波兰尼的教育思想也相去甚远。以此为例，我们得到一个启示：有什幺样知识观就有什幺样的教育观，这个流行的判断比看起来要复杂得多。

The core idea of the Polanyi’s Personal knowledge theory is that all knowledge is personal and tacit. As to talk about education， Polanyi looks like more conventional. He attaches important on cultural and teacher’s authority. He praises highly on direct teaching through examples and precepts. Otherwise， some scholars in our Country express the different ideas according to Polanyi’s theory. So， we suspect such popular statement about the relation between theory of knowledge and the idea of education; what theory of knowledge do you have， and what ides of education you must have. But in fact， it looks more complex than we imagine.