美国大学教师发展的组织化历程及机构

The Faculty Development Agencies in U.S. Colleges and Universities

美国大学教师发展源于上世纪60年代初期，最初是由一些私人基金会组织资助的零星项目。经过70年代美国高等教育的发展与调整，美国一半以上的大学和学院设立了与教师发展相关的项目，并且建立起大学教师教学发展机构。80年年代之后，大学教师发展机构的职能越来越多元化，并建立起大学教师发展联盟组织。

The field of faculty development began in American universities and colleges during early 1960s due to some factors. The private institutions such as some Foundations assisted a few faculty development programs. With the development and change of American higher educational system in 1970s， nearly half of universities and colleges had sponsored some kinds of FD programs and established instructional development agencies to assist in this work. Since 1980s there are more types of activities in which the FD organizations engages. Several international FD Consortiums have been set up.