基本公共服务均等化视阈下的义务教育政策选择

The Compulsory Education Policy Choice from the Perspective of the Theory on Equalization of Basic Public Services

义务教育是基本公共服务均等化的主要领域之一，但其现实是明显的非均等化，存在显著的城乡差距、区域差距和校际差距。实现义务教育均等化，需要进行科学的政策调适：厘清基本公共服务均等化与义务教育均衡发展的政策涵义；消解城乡二元结构，分阶段推进义务教育均等；适应学龄人口流动与城乡分布结构变化，实现校际办学资源均等配置；进一步增加义务教育的财政投入；颁布义务教育国家标准，制定均等化发展指标体系；完善义务教育的生产和供给体制。

With the financial policy turning from constructing finance to public finance， the equalization of basic public services comes into practice and it attracts lots of attentions from various fields of social sciences. Compulsory education is one of the main domains in the process of equalizing the basic services， since the current situation is obviously unequal. Given there are deep gaps between urban and rural areas， between different regions， and between different schools， it is urgent to take some initiatives. First of all， making a clear definitions and implications on the two policies: equalization of basic public services and balanced developments of compulsory education. Secondly， promoting equalization of compulsory education step by step in order to diminish the urban-rural dual structure. Thirdly， adjusting the changes of population flow in the school age and among the distribution of the city and country so as to make sure the resources are equally allocated among schools. Fourth， increasing the financial input on compulsory education; Fifth， setting the national compulsory education criteria， and making the index system of equalization. The last but not the lest， improving the supply system of the compulsory education.