美国大学共同治理制度的演进

Evolution of Shared Governance in American Universities

通过从历史角度对美国大学共同治理制度的梳理发现，共同治理的出现并不是历史的偶然，它发端于14世纪意大利悠久的教授自治传统。有关美国大学共同治理制度发展历程中存在三个拐点，一为1966年AAUP、ACE和AGB联合颁布的《学院与大学治理的联合声明》；二为1988年加州颁布的AB1725，开创共同治理法制化的先河；三为1998年AGB颁布的《治理宣言》，对1966年AAUP等协会的《联合声明》进行承部分调整，提出七原则对大学治理模式进行重建。

Shared governance emerged by no accident. I can be trace back to the collegiate mode of governance and autonomy in he 14th─century Italy. There were three milestones in the development of shared governance in the USA：（1）Statement on Government of Colleges and Universities 1996 by AAUP， ACE and AGB；（2）AB1725 issued by California in 1988 that initiated the legalization of shared governance；（3）Statement on institution governance established by AAUP that made some adjustments to the 1966 Statement， and seven principles for restructuring the governing mode of universities.