美国教师绩效工资制度的分析与反思

Analysis and Reconsideration on Teacher Merit Pay in the U.S.

推行绩效工资是美国近来教师教育改革一系列重要举措中的重要组成部分，它旨在通过工资和奖励制度的改革，形成与美国近年来注重质量和效率优先的教育改革政策相匹配的扶优罚劣的教学激励机制。这既是美国基础教育和教师教育改革的深化，同时也是教师管理机制的一次大胆变革。本文旨在先通过案例的分析，寻找绩效工资争议的核心问题，然后通过对于教师工资本身的特殊性，美国教师工资制度的发展和教师绩效工资制度本身，来谈下我对教师绩效工资制度的看法。

Teacher merit pay， an important part of series of measures in education reform on teacher education， aims to from promoting effect of teachers， which is in accord with the education reforms that emphasize quality and efficiency recently in the United States. Teacher merit pay is an adventurous reform in teacher management as well as a further reform in basic education and teacher education. This article aims to find the core question of performance wage disputation and show the author’s opinion on merit pay according to analyzing the cases and the characteristics of performance wage itself.