西部地区中小学教师组织承诺调查研究

A Study on Primary and Middle School Teachers' Organizational Commitment in West Regions

通过问卷调查的方式，以来自甘肃省内各地的1097名教师为样本展开实证研究，探讨了西部地区中小学教师组织承诺的现状及其特点。研究发现：（1）大多数被调查教师的组织承诺处于中等水平，但也有相当比例的教师组织承诺较低；（2）教师的情感承诺最强，规范承诺则最弱；西部地区教师的规范承诺明显低于东部教师，而西部地区教师的持续承诺则大大高于东部教师；（3）初任教师的组织承诺及其分维度情感承诺、规范承诺都相对较高，但是随着教龄的增长逐渐降低，而后又呈现回升的趋势，但都不同程度地低于初任时的水平；另外，初任教师、成熟型教师的情感承诺都显着高于新教师；（4）教师持续承诺的变化曲线呈现出先低后高的特点；（5）农村教师的组织承诺及其各个维度都低于城市教师；（6）文科教师的组织承诺及其各个维度都高于理科教师；（7）教师的组织承诺及其各个维度不存在显着的性别差异和民族差异。

The paper discusses the current situation and its characteristics of primary and middle school teachers' organizational commitment in west regions on the basis of the survey on 1097 teachers from Gansu Province by questionnaires. The findings are as the following: 1) organizational commitment of most teachers surveyed is at middle level， but there are a proportion of teachers with low organizational commitment; 2) affective commitment of teachers is the highest， while normative commitment of teachers is the lowest; normative commitment of teachers in west regions is obviously lower than that in east regions， while continuance commitment of teachers in west regions is much higher than that in east regions; 3) organizational commitment and its two sub-dimensions， affective commitment and normative commitment， of fresh teachers are relatively high， but the figures are decreasing gradually with the increase of their teaching age. Although the figures show a tendency of increase afterwards， they are lower than the original level; affective commitment of the beginner and mature teachers is higher than that of fresh teachers; 4) teachers' continuance commitment is at lower level at first but then increase to a higher level; 5) organizational commitment and its sub-dimensions of rural teachers are lower than that of urban teachers; 6) organizational commitment and its sub-dimensions of art teachers are higher than that of science teachers; 7) there is no significant difference in gender and ethnicity on organizational commitment and its sub-dimensions.