20世纪中期美国科学课程改革及其成效

The American Science Curriculum Reform and Its Effectiveness in the Middle 20th Century

采用历史研究法，对美国50年代中后期至70年代中期科学课程改革历程与成效进行了分析。此次课程改革以结构主义课程观为指导，主要经济资助来自联邦政府拨款的美国科学基金会，实际推行课程改革是各个高校和中小学组建的各种专业委员会。在1975年以后，美国科学基金会资助的课程改革尽管广为传播，但只是零星地分布。调查的结果显示：50年代中后期开始的课程改革只是部分地成功地达到政府和社会提出的课程改革目标。

Historical method is used to investigate the course and effectiveness of the American science curriculum reform， which took place from late 1950s to the middle of 1970s. The reform directed by the curriculum views of structuralism， was mainly supported by the National Science Foundation which is funded by the US federal government， and was implemented by a variety of professional committees which was established by higher education institutions， elementary and secondary schools. After 1975， the curriculum reform funded by the National Science Foundation was widely spread， but was scattered throughout the country. The study shows that this curriculum reform just partly fulfilled its objectives raised by the Government and society.