小学生课堂参与的角色差异

Primary School Students’Participation in Classroom Learning and Role Difference

一、问题的提出。所谓[角色]是社会对处于特定社会结构中某一地位的某个社会成员的行为规范和要求。个体在一个稳定的关系体系中所担任的角色具有规范和调节个体在该群体活动中的行为表现的重要功能。在现行的[班级授课制]条件下，学生的课堂学习是在班级这个群体环境下进行的，是一个集体化的学习过程。学生的课堂参与所刻画的就是在集体化的学习活动中学生个体的行为表现，因此，学生所扮演的角色可能会影响学生的课堂参与。

By means of interview， classroom observation and questionnaire ， researchers investigated 267 male and female students (grades 1-6， ) ， and found in classroom that(l) female students were more likely to participate actively and cooperatively than male students; (2) student cadres were more likely to participate actively than common students.