從社會資本觀點探討新住民女性早期療育資源使用   免費試閱

Experience of Early Intervention of New Taiwanese Immigrant Mothers: A Social Capital Perspective

本研究從社會資本觀點探討有發展遲緩兒童的新住民女性的早期療育服務資源使用情形。具體而言，本研究的目的是透過八位新住民女性的故事，瞭解新住民女性使用早期療育的歷程，並以社會資本觀點剖析其早期療育資源的使用情形，最後探究新住民女性使用早期療育資源的影響因素。本研究以深度訪談蒐集研究資料，研究對象為花蓮縣偏鄉地區的八位新住民女性，且其子女有早期療育服務的經驗。由於研究對象為隱藏人口而無法隨機取樣，故本研究採便利與滾雪球取樣法，透過花蓮縣發展遲緩兒童通報轉介暨個案管理中心，以及研究者個人社交網絡，尋找符合條件且願意接受訪談的研究參與者。本研究有三點發現：第一，八位新住民女性各有其個人和家庭背景，展現多元的早期療育資源使用樣貌。第二，她們早期療育社會資本的特質是橋接性的社會資本，且其特質是以信任和專業人員互動，而以工具性網絡和同是特殊兒童家長互動，除此之外，少數新住民女性因婚姻狀態和經濟弱勢等特殊境遇，讓她們無法取得社會救助，是處於社會福利服務斷裂的弱勢。第三，新住民女性使用早期療育資源受到健康信念、資源獲取能力和個人行動力等因素之影響。

This study’s aim was to investigate, from a social capital perspective, how early intervention services were used by new Taiwanese immigrant mothers with young children with special needs. Purposeful sampling and snowball sampling were used to recruit participants who were living in Hualien, Taiwan. Participants were eight new female immigrants, who were originally from Southeast Asia and China. Indepth interviews were conducted. The findings are as follows. Participants frequently used a variety of early intervention resources. They were referred to such resources by the Early Intervention Referral and Case Management Center according to their educational and social welfare needs. For these new Taiwanese immigrant mothers, social capital (for enabling themselves to use early intervention services) could be constructed in two ways. First, rather than depending on their friends or relatives, they tended to rely on suggestions from professionals. Moreover, they exchanged early intervention information based on their children’s rather than their own needs. Some participants faced difficulties when using early intervention resources due to their lack of citizenship.