美國學術型博士學位點評估的演進與特點

Evolution of Assessing Research-Doctorate Programsin in the United States and Its Inspiration

20 世纪80 年代迄今，美国开展过三次大规模的学术型博士学位点评估活动。本文 通过研究发现，美国1982 年坪估首次融入了客观性的量化指标， 1995 年评估进一步加强了对 博士学位点特征的持续关注， 2010 年坪估则实现了评估理念的全面变革。

There have launched three large-size assessments of research-doctorate programs in the United States since 1980s. To discuss the evolution of assessing research-doctorate programs in the United States， will not only help us to understand the characteristics of the assessment and to grasp the trends， hut also benefit us on improving and consummating the assessment of authorized disciplines conferring an academic degrees in China. Through research we found that it has imhedded the objective measures for the first time in 1982 study and it has increased attention to the characteristic of research-doctorate programs continuously in 1995 study. In 2010 study， NRC has realized a revolution in the theory of assessment. This experience is a good reference for the assessment of authorized disciplines in China.