如何基于课程标准设计作业:从命题走向指导框架

Assignment Design Based on the Curriculum Standard: From the Proposition Table towards Guiding Framework

基于课程标准设计作业是提高作业针对性和品质的保证，也应该是教师常态工作。双向细目表作为作业命题的一种重要工具，并没有很好地体现出基于标准的作业要求。本文结合布鲁姆教育目标分类以及作业涉及主要内容和环节，开发了一个基于课程标准的从确定作业命题和设计目的到进行作业反馈的全过程作业设计指导框架。该框架作为一个分析性框架，在实施中还有很多障碍。因此，主管部门要出台相应政策，完善配套措施；学校要创造条件，鼓励教师积极应用该框架；教师要不断提高设计意识和专业技能，自觉开展行动研究。

Assignment design based on the curriculum standard is not only the guarantee of improving assignment's relevance and quality， but also a branch belonging to teachers' regular work. Generally speaking， a two -way breakdown is an important tool for the assignment proposition. However， we have to admit that it doesn't perfectly reflect the standards-based requirements. Therefore， it is necessary to improve the two -way breakdown and further design a guiding framework， combining the Bloom taxonomy of educational objectives and main content of the assignment， which provides teachers with a reference for their assignment design based on the curriculum standard. As an analytical framework， assignment design guiding framework still faces some obstacles in its implementation. Therefore， to ensure that students will have ample time and opportunities， the authorities are supposed to formulate corresponding policies and adopt supporting measures; the school should create conditions to encourage teachers to apply the framework; teachers should also carry out action research consciously.