大学生机会型创业与生存型创业动机的同构性和差异性

Undergraduates' Motivation behind Opportunity-Based Entrepreneurship and Necessity-Based Entrepreneurship: Isomorphism and Isomerism

基于需要动机理论和择业动机理论，突破“生存型创业只受生存动机的驱动，机会型创业只受机会动机驱动”的传统创业动机理论的局限，提出“大学生机会型创业及生存型创业的动机均由生存动机和机会动机共同驱动，两种类型的创业动机在组成上呈现同构性，在结构上存在显著差异性”的研究假设，并构建出6因子创业动机测量模型。利用问卷调查数据进行验证性因子分析和独立样本t检验，证实了两种类型大学生创业动机的同构性及差异性。

The paper breaks through the limitation in traditional entrepreneurship motivation theory which indicates that ＂necessity-based entrepreneurship is only driven by necessity motivation， while opportunity-based entrepreneurship is only driven by entrepreneurship motivation＂， and puts forward hypotheses that ＂both undergraduates' necessity entrepreneurship and opportunity entrepreneurship are driven by necessity motivation and opportunity motivation， and these two types of entrepreneurial motivation display isomorphism in composition and significant differences in structure ＂ based on Hierarchy of Needs Theory and Expectation Theory of Motivation. In addition， the paper establishes a model applying six components to measure undergraduates' entrepreneurial motivation. The paper finally authenticate the hypotheses through confirmatory factor analysis and independent sample T test.