中国基础教育阶段精英群体的体质状况——基于某顶尖“985”大学新生体测数据的实证研究

Physical Fitness Condition of Elite Students in Basic Education in China： An Empirical Study Based on Freshman Physical Fitness Test of a 985 University

良好的身体素质是学业成就、事业发展、生活幸福的基本前提，更是国家发展、民族振兴的基石。本研究对全国基础教育阶段的精英群体的身体素质进行系统的差异性分析，旨在对当代最优秀的学生群体的身体素质进行描述和剖析，便于及早发现问题。本研究基于对某“985”大学2007年一2011年新生的体质测量数据的分析，研究当代学生体质健康状况的性别差异、城乡差异和地域差异，得出如下结论：中国基础教育阶段的精英群体在体质上存在显著性别差异，女生体质明显强于男生；不存在显著的城乡差异；不同地域学生的体质不尽相同，其中西部地区学生的体质最好，东南沿海地区次之，东北地区学生体质最差。

Good health is not only fundamental to academic achievements， career development and a happy life， but also the basis of a nation’s prosperity. Aiming at describing and analyzing the physical fitness condition of contemporary elite students in basic education in China， this research systematically analyzes the variation of health status of those students， in order to identify problems as early as possible. Based on the analysis of the freshman physical fitness tests of a 985 university from 2007 to 2011， this research probes into the gender difference， urban and rural disparity， and regional difference. The conclusions are as follows: the gender difference exists among the elite students in basic education in China， and female students are generally enjoying a better health than male students; there is no significant difference between urban and rural students; regional differences exist in that students from the west have the highest average physical fitness score， followed by students from the southeast， with students from the northeast scoring the lowest.