政府主导下的我国研究生教育发展特征

The Characteristics of Government-led Postgraduate Education in China

政府主导研究生教育发展是由我国国情所决定的。在政府主导的高等教育扩张的大背景下，研究生教育的规模得到了快速增长，也在一定程度上促进了研究生教育的平衡发展。在中央政府主导与授权，地方、高校竞争式发展的模式下，研究生教育的学科门类结构呈现“存量决定增量”的增长模式。国家主导的研究生教育发展需要建立科学有序的机制，特别是“需求和条件相结合”的刚性约束机制。

The government-led development of postgraduate education is based on China's national conditions. In the context of higher education expansion led by the government， China's postgraduate education has achieved rapid growth in terms of scale and number， promoting the balanced development of postgraduate education. Under the framework in which the central government plays the role of leading and authorizing， and the local universities engage in competitive development， the discipline structure of postgraduate education is characterized by stock-based increment. Orderly and effective mechanisms， especially a rigid constraint mechanism combining needs with conditions， should be established in order to promote the development of government-led postgraduate education in China.