大学章程制定中的困惑与突破路径———基于六所高校章程文本的分析

Confusions in the Formulation of University Statutes and Their Resolution: A Text Analysis of Six University Statutes

通过阅读和分析教育部核准的六所高校的章程文本和对地方高校的调研访谈，发现目前各高校在大学章程制定中还遇到这样的困惑：大学章程如何体现学校外部治理中的高校独立法人地位，落实办学自主权；如何平衡学校内部治理中的多元权力关系。基于此困惑的建议是：制定大学章程应尊重高校独立法人地位，通过立法明确政府与学校的权力边界；应明确党委与校长的权力范围与运行机制；应尊重和规范学术权，建立服务行政体系；应保障教师民主参与管理和监督的权利，制约行政权，防止行政权被滥用。

Through a text analysis of six university statutes approved by the Ministry of Education and an investigation of local universities， the article clarifies several confusions in the formulation of university statutes， including the embodiment of university autonomy in the statutes and the balance of power in university's internal governance system. The paper puts forward several suggestions on the resolution of the aforementioned confusions.