蒋南翔与“新清华”之塑造——兼论其对宏观教育之贡献

Jiang Nanxiang，Initial Growth of New Tsinghua， and Jiang’s Contribution to Macroscopic Education

蒋南翔是新清华首任校长，他到任后在综合把握校情、国情和世界潮流的基础上，开始推进纵深的改革。为推动中国学术独立和国家工业化战略，他从创建一批新专业入手，极大地优化了学科布局，使清华迅速恢复为国家旗舰大学。此外，他在推动人才培养、学科建设、团队建设、思想建设等方面亦贡献卓著。他在清华的十余年努力，彻底改观了清华原有的面貌，进而在各个层面基本形塑了“新清华”的整体形态，并影响至今。因之在清华的突出办学成就，蒋南翔受到高层认可，并受命统管全国教育行政工作，对全国的宏观教育事业也作出了巨大贡献。

Jiang Nanxiang，the first president of New Tsinghua，assumed power in his alma mater in 1952. He made full use of the opportunity and established various new disciplines between 1955 and 1960. Consequently，Tsinghua optimized its academic structure and swung back to a highrquality polytechnic. Moreover，talent cultivation，system construction，team building，social services，and international exchange were also spurred in this period. Thus under the leadership of Jiang，Tsinghua recovered as the top giant in China’s higher education system. To some degree，New Tsinghua was shaped by Jiang and his colleagues. Due to his remarkable achievements at Tsinghua，Jiang was promoted and assumed important administrative positions in the Department of Education. Even today he is credited with formulating higher education in the People’s Republic of China.