全球化视野下非洲高等教育发展的路径选择

The Path Choice of the Development of Higher Education in Africa in the Perspective of Globalization

非洲高等教育在各历史阶段的发展历程中，无论是前殖民时期、殖民时期、独立自主时期，还是全球化时期，都呈现出一种对欧美国家的路径依赖特征。尤其是21 世纪的经济全球化和高等教育国际化对非洲高等教育产生了极为深刻的影响： 一方面新自由主义主导下的经济全球化浪潮，推动高等教育进入了快速发展的时期，高等教育私有化和分权化成为发展和改革的主流；另一方面教育财政缺乏，使其对国际援助的依赖性进一步增加，高等教育的主权和独立性受到严重挑战，新自由主义思潮阻碍了非洲高等教育的本土化进程。在全球化的背景下，非洲各国试图通过高等教育国际化与本土化的互动，构建“ 以发展为导向的”高等教育新体系。

Different stages of development of African higher education, former colonial，colonial，independent and globalization period，displays a prominent character of dependence on Occident. Economic globalization and internationalization of higher education have a far-reaching effect on higher education in Africa. On the one hand，the wave of globalization led by neo-liberalism promotes the development of higher education in Africa，which also leads to the privatization and decentralization of it; on the other hand，the insufficiency of educational finance makes the its dependency on international aid increases，which challenges the dominions and independence of higher education. Therefore，neo-liberalism hinders the localization of higher education in Africa. In the context of globalization，Africa nations try to interact between globalization and localization of higher education，and build the system of outcome-based higher education.