论中世纪巴黎大学社会角色及其冲突

On the Social Role of Medieval Paris University and Its Conflict

中世纪巴黎大学与社会之间的关系问题在高等教育研究中具有重要意义。引入社会角色概念,分析中世纪巴黎大学可以看到:诞生之初,大学与教会之间存在广泛的互动关系;大学满足了教会对宗教人才与信仰知识的期望;大学在行为模式方面具有极强的宗教性。在随后的发展中,世俗权力对大学控制不断增强;世俗希望大学培养世俗人才以抗衡教会;大学在行为模式上也趋于世俗化。巴黎大学处于宗教角色与世俗角色冲突之中,然而这种冲突却对大学自治、学术自由、组织结构等发挥着积极作用。

The relationship between medieval Paris University and society has an important significance in higher education research. Some features can be found by analyzing the medieval Paris University in the concept of social role : (1) at the beginning, there was extensive interaction between the university and church; (2) university met the church s expectations in religious knowledge and talent; (3) the university behavior model are mainly religious; (4) in subsequent development, the control of secular power to university increased; and the secular power hoped university to train the secular talent and then contend with the church; (5) university also tended to be secular in behavior model. The Paris University was in the conflict of religion and secular, but this conflict also played a positive role on university autonomy, academic freedom and organizational structure at the same time.