新自由主义对高等教育发展与治理模式之影响

A Critique on the Influence of Neo-Liberalism on Higher Education Development and Governance

本文剖析了新自由主义对高等教育的影响,此派学者认为市场竞争原则才能提升效能并确保质量,因而须引进私部门的管理法则以提升公部门的运作成效。为达到确保利伯维尔场的竞争机能,应增加国家权威,但此种权威局限于创造利伯维尔场机能,而非提供公共服务职能。此种企业主义的市场逻辑不仅影响经济与政治面,同时也影响高等教育的发展与管理型态,许多国家的高等教育政策已从精英模式走向大众甚至普及模式,管理型态则是从学术自主转向绩效原则。此种转变彰显出,市场逻辑已逐渐成为教育管理的核心思维。

A lot of societies have stepped into a new era of globalized system. This system has produced a profound influence on both economic and political aspects. Its influence further extends to the development of higher education and its management. In terms of enlargement, higher education system in many countries, which take the assumption of neo-liberalism, has shifted from the mode of elite to the mass one. Furthermore, the core value of globalization, neo-liberalism, has dominated the operation of this system, as witnessed by the phenomenon that the administrative rules of private sector becomes a new dogma to run public sector. Such a change shows that market philosophy has gradually developed as a core idea for running higher education. This change can be viewed as a result of neo-liberalism, contending that a free market mechanism is able to improve efficiency and service quality. Therefore, the state needs to be bestowed itself more authority not for providing public service but creating a free market. What we can see is that neo-liberalism has created a new thought for running higher education system.