全民防疫「口罩文化」對幼兒身心發展影響之初探

An exploratory study on the mental and physical effect of wearing facemasks among preschool students

目的：本研究旨在瞭解家長、幼兒及教保服務人員配戴口罩之現況， 及家長與教保服務人員背景變項與 COVID-19 認知對其COVID-19 預防態度之預測力。方法：以自編問卷為研究工具，利用分層多段集束隨機抽樣，取得家長 1451 份與教保服務人員 453 份的有效樣本數。結果：（1）家長、幼兒及教保服務人員，戴口罩執行率達 99% 以上；（2）33.83% 家長與 49.31% 教保服務人員表示，長期戴口罩造成幼兒身心發展影響；（3）32.10% 家長與 43.58% 教保服務人員表示，幼兒長期戴口罩造成健康負面影響；（4）COVID-19 認知平均答對率，家長 96.67% 與教保服務人員 92.87%；（5）COVID-19 預防態度執行率，家長 93.11% 與教保服務人員 92.99；（6）家長與教保服務人員 COVID-19 認知與 COVID-19 預防態度呈現顯著正相關；（7）父親學歷愈高與家長 COVID-19 認知愈好，COVID-19 預防態度的執行力愈佳；（8）教保服務人員 COVID-19 認知愈好者，COVID-19 預防態度的執行力愈佳。結論：家長與教保服務人員對於 COVID-19 疫情傳播和保護幼兒的重要性有一致的認知和共識。

 

Objectives: 1) The explorations included the current use of facemasks among preschool students, parents, and teachers. 2) The mental and physical effects on preschool students of long-term use of facemasks by parents and teachers. 3) The potential health impact of long-term use of facemasks by preschool students. 4) The explored the relationship between cognition of COVID-19 and preventive attitude among preschool teachers and parents. 5) The study also aimed to examine the predictive power of background factors of preschool teachers and parents on the cognition of COVID-19 and preventive attitude. Methods: Using the questionnaire survey method, this research used a self-made questionnaire as a research tool, using stratified multi-stage random cluster sampling, and for parents, with 1451, for teachers, with 453 samples being valid. The researchers collected the data obtained and analyzed it using descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: 1) The compliance rate for wearing masks consistently when going out reached over 99% among children, parents and teachers. 2) 33.83% of parents and 49.31% of teachers expressed the opinion that prolonged mask-wearing by adults has an impact on the physical and mental development of children. 3) 32.10% of parents and 43.58% of teachers stated that prolonged mask-wearing by children has a negative impact on health. 4) The overall correct rate for COVID-19 knowledge was 96.67% among parents and 92.87% among teachers. 5) The overall compliance rate for COVID-19 prevention attitudes was 93.11% among parents and 92.99% among teachers. 6) There was a significant positive correlation between "COVID-19 knowledge" and "COVID-19 prevention attitudes" between parents and teachers. 7) The father’s education level and parents’ COVID-19 knowledge correlated with their COVID-19 prevention attitudes. 8) Education and teachers’ COVID-19 knowledge correlated with their COVID-19 prevention attitudes. Conclusion and Recommendations: Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that health authorities promote awareness and understanding of COVID-19 prevention through various means.