光與暗的整合：社會正義取向諮商心理師專業耗竭經驗及調適歷程之探究

Integrating the Light and the Dark: Exploring Burnout Experience and Adjustment Process of Social Justice Approach Counseling Psychologist

社會正義取向的諮商模式是以改善個案受到的壓迫狀態為目標，過程往往需投入許多心力，因此諮商心理師容易處於專業耗竭的狀態，調適專業耗竭成為諮商心理師必經的挑戰。本研究的目的在探討社會正義取向的諮商心理師其專業耗竭經驗、因應專業耗竭的策略以及因應專業耗竭的調適歷程。本研究邀請三位採社會正義取向的諮商心理師參與研究，以敘說研究法作為研究方法，並以多元文化諮商與社會正義諮商的觀點來論述研究參與者進行倡導的經驗樣態，研究結果分為三部分，第一部分為「社會正義取向之諮商心理師的專業耗竭經驗」包含：1.社會倡導的連續性工作，增加專業耗竭發生頻率；2.無極限的倡導工作，瀕臨極限的倡導者。研究結果第二部分為「社會正義取向之諮商心理師的專業耗竭調適策略」包含：1.多元觀點的理解與行動是渡過「無力無望感」的利器；2.接納自身限制，找回意義感的自我照顧。研究結果第三部分為「社會正義取向之諮商心理師的專業耗竭調適歷程」包含：1.覺察專業耗竭的發生；2.暫停/減少倡導工作；3.自我反思/沉澱時期；4.整理專業耗竭中的好與不好經驗；5.重新找到新的倡導信念；6.繼續開展倡導工作。

The social justice approach counseling aims to improve the oppressive state of the client, and the process requires a lot of effort. Therefore, counseling psychologists are prone to burnout, and adjusting burnout has become an inevitable challenge for counseling psychologists. The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of burnout, the strategies and the adjustment process of coping with burnout among counseling psychologists with the social justice approach. This study invited three counseling psychologists as research participants and adopted the narrative research method. This study revealed the advocacy experience from multicultural counseling and social justice counseling perspectives. The research outcomes of the burnout experience of the participants were as follows: (1) The continuous work of social advocacy increases the frequency of professional burnout. (2) Unlimited advocacy work and advocates who are on the verge of limits. The coping strategies were as follows: (1) The understanding and action of multiple perspectives is a sharp tool to overcome the "powerlessness and hopelessness"; (2) Accepting one’s limit and finding meaning in self-care. In addition, the adjustment processes of the participants were as follows: (1) Be aware of professional burnout; (2) Pause/reduce advocacy works; (3) Self-reflection/thinking period; (4) Sort out good and bad experiences in professional burnout; (5) Find the new advocacy beliefs; (6) Restart advocacy work.