大學與社區關係：社會責任實踐與國際案例分析

University and Community: Social Responsibility Practices and International Cases

社區關係是學校運作的重要一環，但大學與社區的關係則是近年才被關注的議題。我國開始推動大學的社會責任實踐後，大學與社區的關係也開始深化。本文便以大學與社區關係（University Social Responsibility, USR）作為主軸，討論相關重要概念與國際的案例。本文首先分析我國USR政策中社區關係的重要性，其次探討大學與社區關係的相關概念與國際發展。透過文獻分析，理解大學能對在地社區產生多元化的正面影響。初步比較我國和亞洲國家的USR政策內涵，發現大學對在地社區的影響與關係建立是多國USR的共同目標。最後，本文分析全球最佳社會影響大學—英國曼徹斯特大學的公共參與及校園運作的USR實踐，其策略緊密鏈結USR行動與聯合國永續發展目標（Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs）指標，能在校內產生跨域行動影響社區，校外則能與曼徹斯特的各種機構合作推展社區發展，為USR的大學與社區關係發展的可能模式。

Community relationship is one important factor of school operation. However, to construct university-community relationship is a highlighted topic in the recent years. The relationship between university and community is strengthened in Taiwan after university social responsibility (USR) is promoted. This article firstly explores the importance of the relationships between university and community. Second, this article analyzes concepts and international developments of the relationships between university and community. This article helps understand the multiple impacts that universities can have on communities. Policy contents of USR in Taiwan and other Asian countries revealed that empowering universities’ positive impacts on community is the common goal. This article analyzed the case of the best social impact university, the University of Manchester (UM), to explore its strategies on public engagement and campus operations. UM connected its USR actions with SDGs closely. On the one hand, interdisciplinary research and learning can impact local communities. On the other hand, to collaborate with diverse organizations in the greater Manchester can facilitate the relationship between UM and its communities.