幼兒園托育品質對幼兒認知發展影響之研究

The Impact of Child Care Quality on Cognitive Development

本研究旨在探討幼兒園托育品質對幼兒認知發展的影響，並分析托育時數的調節效果。研究目的為：一、瞭解幼兒園托育品質與幼兒認知發展之關係；二、探討幼兒園托育品質對幼兒認知發展之影響模式；三、探討托育時數對幼兒園托育品質和幼兒認知發展間是否具有調節效果。本研究運用臺灣幼兒發展調查資料庫36月齡幼兒的第二波問卷資料，將家長問卷與教保問卷進行資料串聯，有效樣本共計587位，透過SPSS與AMOS軟體進行分析。研究結果顯示：一、幼兒園托育品質與幼兒認知發展間達顯著關聯；二、幼兒園托育品質對幼兒認知發展具有顯著的正向直接影響；三、每日平均托育時數不具有調節效果。依據上述研究結論提出相關建議，以提供未來研究之參考。

The study aimed to examine the impact of child care quality on cognitive development, and to further analyzed the moderating role of the number of hours of child care. The purposes of study were to explore: (1) The relationship between child care quality and cognitive development; (2) The impact of child care quality on cognitive development; (3) The moderating effect of the number of hours of child care between child care quality and cognitive development.

This study used secondary data analysis, the data were collected from “Kids in Taiwan: National Longitudinal Study of Child Development and Care: KITM36 at 48 months old”. The questionnaire was employed to collect the opinions of parents and educates, and the total samples were 587 preschoolers with an average age of 48 months. We used SPSS software to conduct descriptive and correlation analysis, and AMOS software to conduct structural equation model and multi-group analysis to examine the relationships between variables as well as the moderating effect of the number of hours of child care.

The conclusions of this study are outlined as follows: (1) There is a statistically significant association between child care quality and cognitive development; (2) The structural equation model can support positively the fit between the child care quality and cognitive development of children. This can explain the relationship between two variables; (3) The number of hours of child care doesn’t have a moderating effect between child care quality and cognitive development. Based on above research findings, relevant recommendations will be provided in order to support future research reference and childcare.