活躍老化量表之發展

Development of the Active Aging Scale

終身學習成為各國解決人口老化問題的主要策略，為了解參與我國行之有年的樂齡大學學習活動對高齡者活躍老化的影響，本研究參考歐盟的活躍老化指數及專家學者之活躍老化量表，編製活躍老化量表。量表衡量方式採Likert六點量表，得分愈高，代表活躍老化的程度愈高。研究對象為我國進入高齡社會15個縣市之樂齡大學學習者。預試問卷以社區大學55歲（含）以上的學習者為對象，發放280份，有效問卷為204份；正式問卷發放999份，有效問卷為898份。預試後進行鑑別度分析及探索性因素分析，萃取出健康促進、社會參與及生活安全三個構面共計14題，形成正式問卷。正式施測問卷回收後，以LISREL軟體進行驗證性因素分析，評鑑理論模式與觀察資料的適配情形，並進一步進行多群組樣本測量模式分析。結果顯示測量模式的複核效度良好，表示量表可適用於高齡的男性及女性群體。

Lifelong learning has become the main strategy to enhance aging experience in population. This research aimed to understand the construct of active aging and test its influence on aging experiences in senior population attending community colleges and universities in Taiwan, and establish the an active aging scale, an analysis by the Likert six-point scale, higher scores, better active aging. The scale of the study refers to the active aging index of the European Union and the others academic studies. Senior participants living in 15 counties/cities of Taiwan defined as advanced age community, were interviewed. A total of 280 pre-test questionnaires were issued to community college students over age 55 and 204 valid questionnaires were retrieved. 999 official questionnaire senior participants were issued and 898 valid questionnaires were retrieved. After carrying out an analysis of the discriminative and exploratory factors in the pre-test questionnaire, 14 questions related to health promotion, social participation, and life safety were picked to form a final questionnaire. LISREL was adopted to test the linear structural relations confirmatory factor analysis and to evaluate if the theoretical model fitted the observation data. This research further conducted multi-group sample measurement mode analysis. The results showed that the re-check validity of the measurement model was good, indicating that the scale could be applied to the senior population.