國立大學校務基金制度之歷史制度論動態分析

From Dynamic Historical Institutionalism to Analyze the National University Fund Policy

國立大學從1999年起全面採行校務基金制度。過去國立大學採公務預算制度，所剩年度結餘款均需繳交國庫，在經費使用上相對較乏彈性。本研究以歷史制度論做為研究方法，借其中路徑相依等核心概念，對國立大學校院校務基金制度成立進行歷史的動態追溯。透過關鍵時期特定階段，觀察校務基金政策的起點、過程、轉折，並分析未來走向。
本研究後發現校務基金政策之發展，受到內生動因國立大學預算體制、行動者與外生動因政府預算、高等教育發展與新管理思潮各方面之影響 ，使其舊有公務預算制度產生變動。公務預算制度受到各階段歷史遺緒之影響，進而產生校務基金政策。

National universities have adopted the national university fund policy since 1999. Before adopting the national university fund policy, the annual balance was submitted in government. Therefore, the crowd always got an unfavorable impression in employing budget of national universities. This study uses dynamic notions of historical institutionalism which include path dependence, punctuated equilibrium, etc. to analyze the national university fund policy. On the basis of critical juncture, the author analyzes the evolution of the national university fund policy and forecasts the future trends concerned.
The development of the national university fund policy was affected by endogenous motives and exogenous motives which include the budget system of national universities, agents, high educational development and new public management. All of the above cause the "public budget policy" generates variation and historical legacies form self-reinforcing sequences. As a result, the national university fund policy has replaced the public budget policy.