啟發想像的歷史教學－一種美感經驗的教學實踐

A Dissertation on the Imaginative History Teaching－An Implementation of Aesthetic Experience in Instruction

現今歷史教學著重背誦、考試的機械性取向，導致學生難以在歷史學習中體驗歷史的美感特質，故本文旨在論述如何透過「啟發想像」，實踐具美感經驗的歷史教學。首先透過文獻分析，討論何謂美感經驗的教學；其次，以想像為題，主張教師在歷史教學中必須引導學生以史料或文學作品為基礎，發揮想像力，在不同時空中面對與解決問題；最後，以教科書內容為反省對象，建議採用「文字」與「敘事」的取徑為實踐方式，期許歷史教學能讓學生先感受歷史、再被歷史感動、最終朝向思想再造，如同藝術的創造，不只影響自己，也進而影響他人。

Today, people emphasize mechanical recitation and memorization for history teaching, and therefore the value of the aesthetic characteristics of history is hard to be judged by students' experience of learning history. The aim of the study is to discuss how to implement "Aesthetic Experience in History Teaching" in current modern-day education. Firstly, through literature analysis, the theme of "Imagination" which is based on historical materials and literature teaching is encouraged during the education process. Teachers are encouraged to lead students to use their imagination and to solve problems under different conditions and environments. Secondly, by using contents of textbooks as examples, the teaching methodology for implementing "Aesthetic Experience" is used. The imagination development is expanded by focusing on "text" and "narrative". Lastly, educators hope that through "Aesthetic Experience", students can appreciate history and be motivated by what they learn. The students who can build their thought reform ultimately can be an artistic experience. It can expand the students' minds and broaden their views, which will benefit themselves and also influence others for self improvement.