新冠肺炎對德國學校教育的衝擊：中等教育體系的探析

The Impact of Covid-19 outbreak on Education in Germany: An Analysis of the Secondary Education System

新冠肺炎（COVID-19）之爆發，不僅對人民健康造成了極大的威脅，亦使教育受到嚴重衝擊。歐盟國家在此次疫情中受創亦深，德國身為歐盟最大的經濟體和人口最多的成員國，早在新冠肺炎爆發之前，其中等教育體系即已面臨必須做出改變的困境，疫情的蔓延，使德國社經背景與教育不公的問題再次浮上檯面，更暴露了德國中等學校在數位化方面落後的現象。因此，本研究聚焦中等教育階段，探討德國因應新冠肺炎的舉措，希望有助於了解德國在疫情衝擊下未來教育政策的發展。本研究採文件分析法，除德國最新政策報告外，亦透過幾項重要調查報告的結果，得知目前教育現場的情況及其遭遇的困難。

The outbreak of COVID-19 has not only posed a great threat to public health but also education has been severely affected. Germany, the largest economy and most populous member of the European Union, already faced challenges in reforming its secondary education system before the pandemic. But the outbreak publicly revealed the main problems and accelerated the momentum for reform. The pandemic brought the issues of socioeconomic background and educational inequality to the forefront again and revealed that Germany’s secondary schools fall behind in terms of digitalization. Therefore, this study focuses on the secondary education stage and examines the measures taken by Germany in response to COVID-19, helping to understand the future development of Germany’s education policy under the impact of the pandemic. In addition to the latest German policy reports, this study also uses the results of several important surveys to understand the current situation in the education field and the difficulties encountered.