当代基础教育的“基础性价值”之思－基于中国、加拿大基础教育学校的考察

Reflections on the Basic Value of the Basic Education in Modern Times: Based on the Visiting of the Elementary School between China and Canada

在当代，基础教育的社会发展价值和个体发展价值越来越受到各国重视。但因国情不同，除了相似之处，各国也存在着明显的差异。以加拿大和中国为例：首先，在加拿大，学校是社区文化教育的集聚和辐射中心；在中国，学校则是社区文化教育的孤岛，是社区经济发展的诱饵。其次，加拿大学校是国家凝聚多元文化的“整合机”；中国学校则是传播国家理念和文化认同的“孵化器”。再次，加拿大学校注重个体良好品格、主动学习精神的培养和个性化发展；中国学校既注重个体主动、健康发展，也强调个体间的均衡化发展。两国的情况实质上反映了人们如何看待基础教育个体性价值中显性价值与隐性价值的关系，以及教育与社会互为基础时的相互关系，十分值得深思。

At present, many countries in the world pay more and more attentions to the social and individual value of the basic education. Otherwise, there are some similarities and differences among countries. For example, by Canada and China: Firstly, the schools are the centralizing and eradiating centres of community's culture and education in Canada. While in China the schools are isolated from the communities and become into the baits of the communities' economic development. Secondly, the schools in Canada are regarded as the Confirmative Machine of the country to cohere the multi-cultures. Also, the schools in China are looked as the brooder to spread the country's ideas and cultures. Thirdly, the schools in Canada attach importance to individual's good characters, the active-developing spirits and the individual development. Otherwise, the schools in China pay attention to the individual active and healthy development, and the balanced developments among individuals. These conditions reflect how people think about the relationship of the basic education's social value and individual value, the relationship of the education and society when they look the other side as basis. This condition is worthy of our speculation.