流动儿童学业表现及影响因素分析－来自北京的调研证据

The determinants of the Academic Performance of Migrant Children at Compulsory Education level in Beijing

本文利用福特基金会课题组2008年初对北京市流动儿童教育状况的调研数据，采用有序概率选择模型考察流动儿童义务教育学业表现的影响因素。流动儿童转学次数的增加会导致学习成绩下降，特别是对女童、初中阶段和在公办学校就读的流动儿童负面影响更大。分性别模型的估计结果表明，家庭经济状况只对男童有积极的影响，说明流动儿童家庭可能更倾向于增加男童的教育投入；在分教育阶段模型中，家庭生活状况只在初中有显着正影响；在分学校类型模型中，家庭经济状况在公立学校和有证打工子弟学校有显着正影响。研究建议减少公立学校接受流动儿童的限制，规范收费制度，并为家庭经济困难的流动儿童特别是女童和高年级的学生提供经济资助。

Based on the migrant children's education statues data in Beijing, which was conducted in early 2008 by the Ford Foundation, this paper adopts an ordered probit model to investigate the determinants of migrant children's academic performance. Findings include the followings: An increase in the number of school transfers reduces the average migrant children's relative performance. The negative impact is especially large for girls, junior high school students and migrant children in public schools. In the subsample-by-gender models, family tends to spend more many on male students; an positive effect of household condition is evident only in the junior high school sample; in the subsample models by school type, household income exhibits a positive impact, with a coefficient significantly larger effect in public school than in the registered private migrant children school, and the corresponding coefficient for the unregistered private school is insignificant. The government should eliminate the barriers for migrant children who would like to go to public schools.