OECD国家中小学教师工资制度的逻辑基础

The Institutional Bases in Teachers' Labor Market in OECD Countries

教师人事制度改革是未来我国“十二五”期间甚至更远时期教育事业发展的重要前提之一，但是和日渐深入的教师劳动制度改革相比，教育理论对教师劳动制度的研究基础还很薄弱，这极容易导致教师劳动制度的经验主义倾向。本文试图用工资理论解释OECD国家教师工资制度及其所处的制度选择困境，并指出必要的效率工资机制及在专业主义和集体协议之间的制度选择，是进行教师工资制度改革必须明确的制度前提。

The reform of regulation on teachers' labor market is one of the most important pre-conditions for China's sustainable development of education during the 12th Five-year plan or even in a longer run. However, the knowledge base for teachers' labor market is still quite modest in contrast with the on-going practices to restructure teachers' labor. This might easily lead to experimentalism in policy formulating in regulation of teachers' labor market. This article tries to elaborate on teachers' salary system in OECD countries in the framework of salary determinants and the dilemmas in institutional choices they face in their effort to formulate a more competitive and effective teachers' labor market, and conclude that efficiency-oriented salary mechanism and an institutional arrangement which keeps balances between unionism and professionalism are the prerequisites to teachers' salary reform.