二外法语过去时教学运用英法对比分析方法的实证研究

An empirical study of English-French contrastive analysis approach in teaching French past tenses

本文通过定量研究的方法，以法语直陈式过去时中的三个时态为例，从英语专业学生在二外法语学习过程中的错误出发，在对比分析理论的框架之下讨论了英法语言对比分析在英语专业二外法语教学中的作用。定量研究的主要发现有：(1)英专学生对英法语言对比分析方法持赞同态度；(2)英专学生对法语直陈式过去时与英语对应时态的看法趋同；(3)英专学生在法语直陈式过去时学习中所犯的错误趋同。之后，笔者结合对比分析总结了英专学生在二外法语学习过程中容易犯错的两个主要原因：(1)英法语言动词的“体”划分不同；(2)英法语言动词的“体”交叉对应。

This paper discusses the application of the contrastive analysis approach in teaching French to English majors by referring to the errors made in the study of three past tenses in French l'indicatif (i.e., l'mparfait, le passé compose and le plus-que-parfait). The results indicate (1) that English majors were in favor of English-French contrastive analysis approach in learning French; (2) that English majors had the same understanding of the correspondence between French and English past tenses; and (3) that English majors made similar errors in learning French past tenses of l'indicadif. The major reasons might be (1) that the category of “aspect” is classified differently in the two languages and (2) that there is an overlap in “aspect” in the two languages.