德国职业教育发展之社会结构及文化传统探原

An Analysis of the Cultural and Social Reasons for the Prosperity of the German Dual Vocational Education and Training

本文通过对德国社会结构的分析和关于职业的文化传统的论述，试图剖析德国年轻人选择双元制职业培训的深层原因。初步发现，德国的许多年轻人之所以选择双元制职业培训，一方面由于其进入大学学习的可能性不高，而双元制所带来的教育回报属于中等水平；另一方面是因为双元制的培训能够帮助年轻人较好地融入社会，并培养人们对于相关职业的认同感。

The German dual vocational education and training is working well as an institution and acquires worldwide reputation. The reason for its prosperity is closely related to the German social structure as well as the cultural tradition. Through analyzing the social structure of Germany and Germany's special culture of vocation， this article endeavors to reveal the hidden reasons of why young German school leavers choose this dual vocational training. The findings demonstrate that， many German youths choose vocational training in dual system， because that on the one hand， their chances of attending tertiary education are low and the educational return of the vocational training is acceptable; on the other hand， the vocational training offers a possibility of smooth transition into the society and fosters young people's identity with the vocation.