教育理論及其建構途徑

Educational theory and the ways to construct it

本文旨在探討教育理論及其建構途徑的相關問題。所探討者，主要由但昭偉所著＜教育理論的建構及教育實作＞此篇論文所引發，包含：(1)教育研究的對象：事實V.S.價值？(2)教育理論的內含：實然V.S.應然？(3)教育理論與學科的關係：附屬V.S.含攝？(4)教育理論的建構者：外來者V.S.教育實務工作者？(5)教育理論的性質：個人知識V.S.公眾理論？(6)依但昭偉所揭示途徑建構教育理論的過程中，可能面臨何種問題以及如何解決？除了上述，如何使教育理論與實務(或實踐)得到結合，以及如何使教育實務得到改善等問題之討論，可說貫穿全文。其間，亦論及行動研究的相關概念。本文之探討乃以但昭偉上述論文為基礎，涉及的問題難免受限。因此，筆者最後還揭示本文之限制以及未來可行的研究方向。

The main purpose of this paper is to study some questions concerning educational theory and the ways to construct it. The author first introduces and analyzes the article entitled ‘The construction of educational theories and educational practices’， written by J. W. Dan， and then further discusses questions generated from the article as follows: 1.What is the proper subject of educational research? ‘Fact’ or ‘Value’? 2. What is the attribute of educational theory? ‘Is’ or ‘Ought’? 3. What is the relationship between educational theory and other disciplines? Is educational theory subsidiary to other disciplines such as psychology， sociology， and philosophy? 4. Who should be or can be educational theory constructors? Those who are outsiders of educational situations or those who are ‘educational practitioners’? 5. What category should educational theory belong to? Can educational theory be considered as a kind of ‘Public theory’? 6. Making use of Dan’s viewpoints to construct educational theory， what problems may one encounter， and how does one solve them? In addition to these six questions， issues such as ‘how to combine educational theories and practice/ praxis’， and ‘how to improve educational practice’ are considered throughout this article. Concepts and strategies concerning educational action research are also discussed.