寻求客观对话的空间─1930年代中国期刊报纸中的史学类书评

In Search of Space for Objective Dialogue：A Study on History Book Reviews in Periodicals and Newspapers in 1930s in China

书评是在近代报刊兴起后才逐渐在中国出现的一种新兴文类，在学科发展渐次迈入稳定的1930年代前后，史学类书评亦开始大量涌现在各种不同形式的学术期刊和报章杂志之中。从学术专业化的角度而论，史学类书评的出现或多或少说明了学人们在一个公开园地里发表文章、表述自己的观点并取得一定客观公平的价值之余，更希望透过某种对话形式，交换彼此的心得和取得客观论辩的机会。本文即以1930年代报刊中的文学类书评为对象，探讨书评在现代中国史学走向专业化、客观化的过程中所扮演的角色以及书评、期刊与现代学术社群网络间的联系，并由此分析现代学人如何藉着书评串联起更大的对话圈，从而建立起史学这门学科的基本纪律和学科正当性。

Book review is a new genre emerging with the springing up of newspapers and magazines in modern China. Since history became an established discipline around 1930s， a vast amount of history book reviews had been published in various academic journals and popular presses. The emergence of this new genre unfolds a new epoch of the professionalization of history. It indicates， on the one hand， the historians’ intention to voice their academic perspectives or achievement through publication for the reward of critical evaluation; and on the other hand， reveals the historians’ prospect on seeking objectivity and professionalization through adequate and profound debate and dialogue amid peer review and author response. This article， taking the history book reviews published around 1930s as research subjects， aims to elaborate the role this genre played in the professionalization and objectification of history discipline， and explore the relationship between book review， academic journal and the wider connection of historian network. The core purpose of this article is to analyze the function of book review in the construction of basic requirements for trained historians and in the legitimization of history as a modern discipline.