社会分层和弱势群体的继续教育

Stratification and Continuing Education for the Disadvantaged

中国的经济改革和社会性人口流动使职业重新区分和组合，导致了社会阶层的重构。大量农村劳动力涌入新兴工商业实体，由于缺乏充足的职前教育培训准备，缺乏可利用的社会、文化和经济资源，居住的社区缺乏社会服务设施，他们长期陷入不利境地，成为弱势群体。教育有两重性，既可以促进一个人向上流动，也有社会分层和阻碍向上流动的作用。继续教育作为第二次机会，政府的投资和转移支付应该着重放在公共空间的建设，改善弱势群体社会活动的基础设施和环境，便于不同的教育服务机构和志愿者进入，为弱势群体提供切身需要的教育培训和服务。

Economic reform and population mobility have led to re—stratification of the workforces by expanding employment in the emerging manufacturing and service industries. Large rural workforces have moved into urban areas or suburbs. However， due to lack of adequate education， of such resources as social capital， cultural capital and economic capital， and of facilities and service in their communities， they are trapped at bottom of the society， which have made them disadvantaged. Education has a dual effect. Adequate education helps one move up or lack of it can trap one at the bottom. Continuing education provides the secondary opportunity to the disadvantaged. The government investment and fiscal transfer should aim at building up pubic facilities and infrastructure in the communities of the disadvantaged. Those would provide a public sphere and allow a variety of non—profit organizations and volunteers to provide education and services for the needs of the disadvantaged.