国家 — 社会视角下的农村基础教育发展：教育政治学分析

An Analysis of Politics of Education on the Development of Chinese Rural Basic Education from the View of State—Society Relations

本文从国家—社会的视角剖析了农村基础教育百年来的发展过程，集中探讨了近些年农村社会发生的若干重大过程，如税费改革中县乡财政关系的调整、农村中小学布局调整中利益格局的变化及私立教育兴起等对农村基础教育的发展及其治理结构的影响，描述了农村基础发展的不同阶段国家与社会关系的变化，着重分析了这些过程中政府之间以及政府、学校与民众之间围绕教育治理所发生的互动联系，指出了农村基础教育发展的某些新动向。

The article intends to conduct an in—depth analysis of the development of the rural basic education in three important processes from the perspective of state—society relations：adjustment of financial relations between the country and township in the tax—fee reforms， changes in the beneficial structures in the adjustment of the rural primary and secondary schools， and the influences of the regional development of the public and private education on the development of the rural basic education and its governing structures. It also explores the changes in the relations between the state and the society at the different stages of the rural basic education， and highlights the analysis of the educational governance（including the educational administration and policies）between governments and among the government， schools and society.